Computational correlation between the International 10-20 positioning and underlying cortical areas
Poster No:
2135
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Gustavo dos Santos Alves Maria1, Débora Marques de Miranda1, Jonas Jardim de Paula1, Bernardo de Mattos Viana1, Marco Aurélio Romano-Silva1
Institutions:
1Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais
First Author:
Co-Author(s):
Introduction:
The International 10-20 positioning in clinical practice is routinely used for electroencephalograms. Each of its 19 positions is considered adjacent to a specific cortical area, making the 10-20 positioning helpful for brain research.
The 10-20 positioning has been used in several brain stimulation studies, mainly by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation [1]. The F3 and F4 positions are respectively stimulated and inhibited for the treatment of depression [2]. The point between the P3 and T3 positions (hereby denominated TP3) was previously inhibited to treat auditory verbal hallucinations [3].
To the best of our knowledge, few studies have directly correlated the international 10-20 electrode positioning to brain images using reproducible cortical segmentation. This study aims to determine the correlation between previously reported positions of interest (F3, F4, T3, P3, and TP3) and underlying cortical areas using a highly reproducible method.
The 10-20 positioning has been used in several brain stimulation studies, mainly by means of transcranial magnetic stimulation [1]. The F3 and F4 positions are respectively stimulated and inhibited for the treatment of depression [2]. The point between the P3 and T3 positions (hereby denominated TP3) was previously inhibited to treat auditory verbal hallucinations [3].
To the best of our knowledge, few studies have directly correlated the international 10-20 electrode positioning to brain images using reproducible cortical segmentation. This study aims to determine the correlation between previously reported positions of interest (F3, F4, T3, P3, and TP3) and underlying cortical areas using a highly reproducible method.
·A. Cortical areas included in the study, considering all points. B. Cortical parcellation for each point studied.
Methods:
Patients were recruited into a robust study approved by the institutional ethics committee and gave written informed consent. Brain segmentation, 10-20 positioning, and measurements were made virtually to ensure maximum reproducibility.
The head three-dimensional reconstruction was made using 3D Slicer version 5.2.2, based on a morphological magnetic resonance image. Brain segmentation was performed using FreeSurfer version 7.3.1 and imported into 3D Slicer via FreeSurfer Importer extension using the Desikan-Killiany Atlas. The International 10-20 positioning was performed using the Geodesic Slicer extension. The distances between each point and all cortical areas were measured using the Fiducial to Model extension.
Preliminary results showed 100% consistency in the closest 3 cortical areas for each point, as illustrated in Figure 1. Relative distances were then calculated to quantify sub-regions of each underlying cortex, and data were plotted in equilateral triangles according to Viviani's theorem. The normality of data was determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Student's t-test was used to evaluate statistical relevance among differences between skin points and the closest cortical volume point. Statistical significance thresholds were set at 0.05, 0.005, and 0.001.
The head three-dimensional reconstruction was made using 3D Slicer version 5.2.2, based on a morphological magnetic resonance image. Brain segmentation was performed using FreeSurfer version 7.3.1 and imported into 3D Slicer via FreeSurfer Importer extension using the Desikan-Killiany Atlas. The International 10-20 positioning was performed using the Geodesic Slicer extension. The distances between each point and all cortical areas were measured using the Fiducial to Model extension.
Preliminary results showed 100% consistency in the closest 3 cortical areas for each point, as illustrated in Figure 1. Relative distances were then calculated to quantify sub-regions of each underlying cortex, and data were plotted in equilateral triangles according to Viviani's theorem. The normality of data was determined using the Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Student's t-test was used to evaluate statistical relevance among differences between skin points and the closest cortical volume point. Statistical significance thresholds were set at 0.05, 0.005, and 0.001.
·Distances between each point and respective cortical areas. In the triangular plot, the relative distances correspond to the distance of the point to each side of the triangle.
Results:
16 patients (12 female, aged 21 to 65, all right-handed) were enrolled in this study. Calculated distances between each point and respective cortical volumes were all normally distributed. Figure 2 summarizes the measurement results for each point, according to the subjacent cortical area.
F3, F4, T3, and P3 highly correlated with a specific cortical area. Although the 3 closest cortical areas from PT3 were consistent, their relative locations according to the subjacent area were not statistically significant.
F3, F4, T3, and P3 highly correlated with a specific cortical area. Although the 3 closest cortical areas from PT3 were consistent, their relative locations according to the subjacent area were not statistically significant.
Conclusions:
In this study, the International 10-20 positioning was obtained using morphological magnetic resonance and open-source software. Besides, the main points of previous studies using the 10-20 system as a viable cortical map in psychiatry were evaluated according to their distance to subjacent areas.
Interestingly, the closest regions to F3 and F4 were the left and right Rostral Middle Frontal Cortices, respectively. This area of the Desikan-Killiany Atlas is a solid anatomical approximation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex [4], classically defined as the lateral anterior two-thirds of the frontal cortex. As expected, the most common subjacent areas correlated with T3 were the Inferior, Middle, and Superior Temporal Cortices, with the Middle Temporal Cortex being the most common. As also expected, P3 was highly correlated with the Inferior and Superior Parietal Cortices.
In this study, TP3 was not solidly related to a single cortical area. We hypothesize this is due to a low number of patients or interpersonal differences in the T3 and P3 positions. Further studies are warranted to analyze this specific point.
Interestingly, the closest regions to F3 and F4 were the left and right Rostral Middle Frontal Cortices, respectively. This area of the Desikan-Killiany Atlas is a solid anatomical approximation of the Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex [4], classically defined as the lateral anterior two-thirds of the frontal cortex. As expected, the most common subjacent areas correlated with T3 were the Inferior, Middle, and Superior Temporal Cortices, with the Middle Temporal Cortex being the most common. As also expected, P3 was highly correlated with the Inferior and Superior Parietal Cortices.
In this study, TP3 was not solidly related to a single cortical area. We hypothesize this is due to a low number of patients or interpersonal differences in the T3 and P3 positions. Further studies are warranted to analyze this specific point.
Modeling and Analysis Methods:
EEG/MEG Modeling and Analysis 2
Neuroanatomy, Physiology, Metabolism and Neurotransmission:
Cortical Anatomy and Brain Mapping 1
Keywords:
Computational Neuroscience
Computing
Cortex
Electroencephaolography (EEG)
MRI
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
Provide references using author date format
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(3) Lee, S. H.; Kim, W.; Chung, Y. C.; Jung, K. H.; Bahk, W. M.; Jun, T. Y.; Kim, K. S.; George, M. S.; Chae, J. H. A double blind study showing that two weeks of daily repetitive TMS over the left or right temporoparietal cortex reduces symptoms in patients with schizophrenia who are having treatment-refractory auditory hallucinations. Neurosci Lett 2005, 376 (3), 177-181. DOI: 10.1016/j.neulet.2004.11.048 From NLM.
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