Atypical cortical responses to changes in sound source location in ASD
Poster No:
437
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Sergio Osorio1,2, Jasmine Tan1,2, Grace Levine1,2, Seppo Ahlfors3,2, Steven Graham1, Fahimeh Mamashli1,2,3, Sheraz Khan3,2, Robert Joseph4, Ainsley Losh1, Stephanie Pawlyszyn1, Nicole McGuiggan1, Matti Hämäläinen3,2,5, Hari Bharadwaj6, Tal Kenet7
Institutions:
1Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 2Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 3Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, 4Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA, 5Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University, Espoo, Finland, 6Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburg, PA, 7Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA
First Author:
Sergio Osorio, PhD
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Co-Author(s):
Jasmine Tan, PhD
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Grace Levine
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Seppo Ahlfors, PhD
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Steven Graham
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Fahimeh Mamashli
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital|Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital|Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Sheraz Khan
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA|Boston, MA
Robert Joseph
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine
Boston, MA
Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine
Boston, MA
Ainsley Losh
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Stephanie Pawlyszyn
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Nicole McGuiggan
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Department of Neurology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital
Boston, MA
Matti Hämäläinen
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital|Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University
Boston, MA|Boston, MA|Espoo, Finland
Department of Radiology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts General Hospital|Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Massachusetts General Hospital|Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, School of Science, Aalto University
Boston, MA|Boston, MA|Espoo, Finland
Hari Bharadwaj
Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburg, PA
Department of Communication Science and Disorders, University of Pittsburgh
Pittsburg, PA
Introduction:
Abnormal cortical auditory processing has been documented across a wide range of stimuli in individuals with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) (Emre et al., 2018; O'Connor et al.,2012). However, spatial auditory processing(Shinn-Cunningham et al, 2017; Soskey et al., 2017; ElMoazen et al., 2020), i.e., our ability to perceive and track changes in sound source location, which is critical for social interactions, remains understudied despite evidence of malformed binaural brainstem structures in ASD (Kulesza et al., 2011).
Methods:
To study spatial auditory processing in ASD, we collected magnetoencephalography (MEG) data from 22 ASD (mean age = 13.56, SD = 2.69) and 31 TD (mean age = 13.07, SD = 3.42) individuals as they listened to 1000ms-long auditory stimuli where at 550ms after the onset, 400 microsecond discontinuities in opposite directions were introduced between the ears creating an interaural time delay (ITD)-change and a percept of a spatial jump (jump condition). Responses were also collected for control stimuli where the 400 microsecond discontinuities were introduced in the same direction in each ear, leaving the ITD unchanged and the percept stationary (stay condition). Structural T1 MRI images were used to obtain individual cortical surfaces and to compute BEM head models. sLORETA-MNE source modeling was then used to extract responses from subject-specific labels (see figure 1b inset for examples) within temporal regions corresponding to the peak activation to jump events in left (TD mean latency = 744ms, SD = 0.045ms; ASD mean latency = 731ms, SD = 0.040ms) and right (TD mean latency = 729ms, SD = 0.059ms; ASD mean latency = 734ms, SD = 0.061ms) hemispheres.
Results:
Results showed cortical responses time locked to the onset of jump events in both ASD and TD groups (figure 1a). Subject-specific peak latency windows were visually identified for each subject in response to jump events, and the area under the curve was obtained for both jump (TD: mean AUC left = 377.24, SD = 268.26; mean AUC right = 412.03, SD = 271.41; ASD: mean AUC left = 236.18, SD = 154.35, mean AUC right = 271.27, SD = 142.23) and stay (TD left = 109.57, SD = 54.21; TD right = 137.76, SD = 95.80; ASD left = 105.21, SD = 71.13, ASD right = 126.27, SD = 60.11) conditions. A linear mixed effect model for the interaction of group, condition and hemisphere as fixed effects and random intercepts for subject outperformed a null model (Χ2(9) = 121.02, p = 2.2e-16). Adding a random slope for group significantly increased model fit (Χ2(2) = 19.44, p = 6.0e-05). The best fitting model (R2 conditional = 0.55, R2 marginal = 0.33) showed a statistically significant effect of group (TD: β = 144.40, SE = 44.24, p = 0.001) and condition (stay: β = -130.97, SE = 45.51, p = 0.002), and for the interaction between condition and group. No effect for hemisphere was observed. A post-hoc pairwise test showed that the ASD diagnosis significantly predicts decreased AUC values for jump events compared to TD individuals (β = -143.9, SE = 34.5, p = 0.0001, figure 1c).
Conclusions:
These results support the hypothesis that spatial auditory processing is altered in ASD. Our findings highlight the need to further investigate whether and how such atypical sensory processes may impact goal-directed and social behaviors among ASD individuals.
Disorders of the Nervous System:
Neurodevelopmental/ Early Life (eg. ADHD, autism) 1
Novel Imaging Acquisition Methods:
MEG
Perception, Attention and Motor Behavior:
Perception: Auditory/ Vestibular 2
Keywords:
Autism
Cortex
MEG
Perception
Source Localization
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
Provide references using author date format
Emre, O. C. A. K., Eshraghi, R. S., Danesh, A., Mittal, R., & Eshraghi, A. A. (2018). Central auditory processing disorders in individuals with autism spectrum disorders. Balkan medical journal, 35(5), 367-372.
Kulesza Jr, R. J., Lukose, R., & Stevens, L. V. (2011). Malformation of the human superior olive in autistic spectrum disorders. Brain research, 1367, 360-371.
O’Connor, K. (2012). Auditory processing in autism spectrum disorder: a review. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 36(2), 836-854.
Shinn-Cunningham B., Best V., Lee A. K. (Middlebrooks J. C., Simon J. Z., Popper A. N., Fay R.R. (Eds.), Auditory object formation and selection. In The Auditory System at the Cocktail Party (pp. (2017). Springer.7–40).
Soskey, L. N., Allen, P. D., & Bennetto, L. (2017). Auditory spatial attention to speech and complex non‐speech sounds in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism Research, 10(8), 1405-1416.