Social app use modulates functional connectivity in social anxiety disorder individuals differently
Poster No:
557
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Hesun Erin Kim1, Yesol Cho1, Byung-Hoon Kim1, Kyunghee Ham1, Eunji Kim1, Soomin Kim1, Seungmin Lee1, Bohyun Park1, Jae-Jin Kim1
Institutions:
1Yonsei University, Seoul, Korea, Republic of
First Author:
Co-Author(s):
Introduction:
Recently, researchers have started to recognize the value of digital phenotyping, data from smart devices that quantifies moment-by-moment of one's daily life, to understand various disorders. Social anxiety disorder (SAD), characterized by an intense fear of social situations, is one of the most common anxiety disorders that impacts various aspects of one's life (Hidalgo et al., 2001; Lochner et al., 2003; Schneier and Goldmark, 2015). The present investigation took a data-driven approach to understand how social app use (daily duration and weekday-weekend consistency) changes resting-state functional connectivity (rsFC) differently in SAD and healthy controls (HC).
Methods:
32 SAD patients and 29 HC underwent two 5min rsfMRI sessions, approx. two months apart. Within the two-month period, timeseries data of all smartphone apps were passively collected. All apps that included messaging and posting features (i.e., Instagram, WhatsApp) were selected. For the overall use, the daily average duration (DURdaily) was computed. To examine the weekday-weekend pattern of social app use, data were segmented by time epochs (12am-12am, 6 hours apart) and by week type (weekday; weekend). Then, the Euclidean distance was calculated (DURpattern). To identify neural regions where the rsFC change were related to social app use metrics differently between groups, a data-driven whole-brain connectome multivariate pattern analysis (MVPA) was performed. For each identified region, a post-hoc seed-to-voxel analysis was implemented to verify the directionality of the rsFC. Results were set at a height-level threshold of P<0.001, and a cluster threshold of false discovery rate corrected PFDR< 0.05.
Results:
MVPA identified rsFC changes, time2 - time1, of bilateral precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) were associated with DURdaily differently between the group. Post-hoc analysis showed that rsFC changes between precuneus with bilateral supplementary motor area (SMA) and right precentral gyrus, and between PCC and left SMA, right occipital cortex (OCC), right precentral gyrus and right postcentral gyrus were all negatively modulated by the DURdaily in HC, whereas none of the rsFC changes showed significant relationship in SAD. In association with DURpattern, left insula was identified. Post-hoc analysis indicated modulatory effects of DURpattern on the rsFC change between insula and bilateral OCC, bilateral fusiform gyrus, and right superior parietal lobule were all significantly positive for HC, while the effects on the rsFC change with the right OCC and bilateral fusiform gyrus were significantly negative in SAD (Fig1).
Conclusions:
In HC, the rsFC between default-mode network (DMN) and motor/somatosensory, visual regions decreased as the DURdaily of social app was higher, whereas for SAD, no significant effects were found. As members of the DMN, PCC/precuneus is associated with well-being and happiness (Buckner et al., 2008). Results seem to suggest that longer use negatively affects self-relevant sensory information processing but for HC only; perhaps it is because SAD individuals find comfort in non-in-person interactions. Additionally, modulatory effects of weekday-weekend inconsistency were identified in the insular-based rsFC, and showed group differences. Insula is a hub that processes interoceptive information, and is necessary for emotion regulation (Dionisio et al., 2019; Price and Hooven, 2018). Results showed opposite effects of week type inconsistency between groups in insular-OCC and -fusiform gyrus. In HC, greater inconsistency was related to increased rsFCs with insula, whereas it was related to decreased insular rsFCs in SAD. It could be communicating that inconsistent use of social app between week types is associated with lower visual interoceptive awareness, triggering maladaptive emotion regulation in SAD. Together, the findings highlight social app use modulates the neural connectivity of SAD differently.
Disorders of the Nervous System:
Psychiatric (eg. Depression, Anxiety, Schizophrenia) 1
Emotion, Motivation and Social Neuroscience:
Social Interaction
Modeling and Analysis Methods:
Connectivity (eg. functional, effective, structural) 2
fMRI Connectivity and Network Modeling
Keywords:
DISORDERS
FUNCTIONAL MRI
Multivariate
Psychiatric Disorders
Social Interactions
Other - Digital phenotyping; smartphone; social media
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
Provide references using author date format
Dionisio, S., Mayoglou, L., Cho, S. M., Prime, D., Flanigan, P. M., Lega, B., . . . Nair, D. (2019). Connectivity of the human insula: A cortico-cortical evoked potential (CCEP) study. Cortex, 120, 419-442. doi:10.1016/j.cortex.2019.05.019
Hidalgo, R. B., Barnett, S. D., & Davidson, J. R. (2001). Social anxiety disorder in review: two decades of progress. International Journal of Neuropsychopharmacology, 4(3), 279-298. doi:10.1017/s1461145701002504
Lochner, C., Mogotsi, M., du Toit, P. L., Kaminer, D., Niehaus, D. J., & Stein, D. J. (2003). Quality of life in anxiety disorders: a comparison of obsessive-compulsive disorder, social anxiety disorder, and panic disorder. Psychopathology, 36(5), 255-262. doi:10.1159/000073451
Price, C. J., & Hooven, C. (2018). Interoceptive Awareness Skills for Emotion Regulation: Theory and Approach of Mindful Awareness in Body-Oriented Therapy (MABT). Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 798. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00798
Schneier, F., & Goldmark, J. (2015). Social Anxiety Disorder. In D. J. Stein & B. Vythilingum (Eds.), Anxiety Disorders and Gender (pp. 49-67). Cham, Switzerland: Springer International Publishing.