An age-related posterior to anterior shift in brain alterations of the OT area in reading disability
Poster No:
1027
Submission Type:
Abstract Submission
Authors:
Xiaohui Yan1, Shilin Xu2, Ziyi Wang3, Fan Cao4
Institutions:
1The University of Hong Kong, Hong kong, Hong kong, 2Department of Psychology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 3Guangdong University of Foreign Studies, Guangzhou, Guangdong, 4the university of hong kong, Hong Kong, Hong Kong
First Author:
Co-Author(s):
Introduction:
The left occipitotemporal areas (OT) play important roles in reading acquisition (Dehaene et al., 2010; Richlan, 2012) and development (Pleisch et al., 2019), which, however, consistently show abnormalities in individuals with reading disability (RD) (Richlan et al., 2011). Previous studies have examined developmental changes in the left OT region in typical readers; however, nothing is known about the developmental changes in this region in RD readers. Moreover, the specific functions of the left OT areas have also been a debate. Multivariate analysis might be more powerful than univariate methods in revealing the functions in which this region is involved. It is crucial to understand the development of the left OT region in individuals with RD, as well as the functions of this region.
Methods:
In a cross-sectional study, we recruited 61 fifth-grade children (mean age: 11.07 years), 44 seventh-grade adolescents (mean age: 13.21 years), and 61 college students (mean age: 20.80 years) with and without RD. An auditory rhyming task was administered during the fMRI scanning. Both univariate and multivariate analysis were conducted.
Results:
We found that individuals with RD performed worse than their age-controls in phonological awareness tests and the auditory rhyming task, which suggests persistent phonological deficits across ages. We also found persistent reduction of brain activation in left OT regions in individuals with RD than age controls. However, the reduced brain activation shifted from the posterior OT region to the anterior OT region with increasing age. This was driven by the fact that only age controls but not individuals with RD showed a posterior-to-anterior shift in the left OT region. Representational similarity analysis (RSA) showed that the left OT region is involved in orthographic representation rather than phonological representation. We also found different developmental patterns in the left STG and right supramarginal gyrus in individuals with RD and age controls.
·Figure 1. Simple main effect of RD in children, adolescents and adults.
Conclusions:
We found persistent phonological deficits in individuals with RD across ages. In the brain, individuals with RD showed different developmental patterns from age controls, especially in the left OT region, where there is a lack of poster-to-anterior shift with age in individuals with RD. These findings provide important insights about brain mechanisms of RD from a developmental perspective.
Disorders of the Nervous System:
Neurodevelopmental/ Early Life (eg. ADHD, autism) 2
Language:
Reading and Writing 1
Novel Imaging Acquisition Methods:
BOLD fMRI
Keywords:
Other - reading disability, development, occipitotemporal areas, orthographic representation，fMRI
1|2Indicates the priority used for review
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Dehaene, S., Pegado, F., Braga, L. W., Ventura, P., Filho, G. N., Jobert, A., Dehaene-Lambertz, G., Kolinsky, R., Morais, J., & Cohen, L. (2010). How learning to read changes the cortical networks for vision and language. Science, 330(6009), 1359. doi:10.1126/science.1194140
Pleisch, G., Karipidis, II, Brauchli, C., Rothlisberger, M., Hofstetter, C., Stampfli, P., Walitza, S., & Brem, S. (2019). Emerging neural specialization of the ventral occipitotemporal cortex to characters through phonological association learning in preschool children. Neuroimage, 189, 813-831. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.01.046
Richlan, F., Kronbichler, M., & Wimmer, H. (2011). Meta-analyzing brain dysfunctions in dyslexic children and adults. Neuroimage, 56(3), 1735-1742. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2011.02.040
Richlan, F. (2012). Developmental dyslexia: dysfunction of a left hemisphere reading network. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, 6, 120. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2012.00120